Understanding Generation Z at Workplace: The Moderating Role of Mediated Communication between Benevolent Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors
The Moderating Role of Mediated Communication between Benevolent Leadership and OCBs
Keywords:
Mediated Communication, Benevolent Leadership, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Generation Z, Indonesia
Abstract
This research focused on the interdisciplinary quest between benevolent leadership, as a contemporary leadership style, and organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) through the perspective of communication. The study aimed to examine: first, subordinates’ tendency to show good behaviors towards their peers when prompted by the contemporary leadership style and secondly, it aimed to analyze the influence’s capacity when the interaction between leaders and followers were carried through mediated communication. The research limited its study within the context of Generation Z as subordinates, given their digital nativity, and selected Indonesia as the primary location of investigation. Utilizing a quantitative methodology, a questionnaire was distributed to 210 qualified participants and the collected data was analyzed using a moderated regression analysis on PLS-SEM. The research findings revealed a direct correlation between benevolent leadership and the increase of subordinates’ willingness to take responsibilities outside their contractual duties. Furthermore, the research findings suggested that mediated communication had a stronger influence on OCBs implying the pivotal role of communication in building positive work culture. Despite the result, mediated communications as a moderating variable didn’t give a significant effect on the leaders’ capacity to influence good behavior at the workplace. Overall, this research provided a theoretical framework to understand Generation Z at the workplace and its impact on organizational performance.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
Adisa, T. A., Ogbonnaya, C., & Adekoya, O. D. (2021). Remote working and employee engagement: A qualitative study of British workers during the pandemic. Information Technology & People. https://doi.org/10.1108/itp-12-2020-0850
Aldunate, N., & González-Ibáñez, R. (2017). An integrated review of Emoticons in computer-mediated communication. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02061
Anderson, T., Rourke, L., Garrison, R., & Archer, W. (2019). Assessing teaching presence in a computer conferencing context. Online Learning, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v5i2.1875
Barrero, J. M., N. Bloom, and S. J. Davis 2021. Why Working from Home Will Stick. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series. Retrieved from: https://www.nber.org/papers/w28731 Accessed on May 9
Blau, P. (1986). Exchange and Power in Social Life (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203792643
Brinkley, I., Willmott, B., Beatson, M., & Davies, G. (2020). Embedding new ways of working post-pandemic: Reports. CIPD. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.cipd.co.uk/knowledge/work/trends/working-post-pandemic#gref Accessed on May 10
Bresman, H., & Rao, V. (2018) Building Leaders for the Next Decade: How to Support the Workplace Goals of Generation X, Y and Z. Universum, INSEAD Emerging Markets Institute, MIT Leadership Center, & The HEAD Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.insead.edu/sites/default/files/assets/dept/centres/emi/docs/generations-series-building-leaders-for-the-next-decade.pdf Accessed on January 18.
Brown, O., Paz-Aparicio, C., Revilla, A. J., (2019). Leader’s communication style, LMX and organizational commitment: A study of employee perceptions in Peru. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 40(2), 230-258. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2018-0129
Chan, S. C., & Mak, W. M. (2011). Benevolent leadership and follower performance: The mediating role of leader–member exchange (LMX). Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29(2), 285–301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-011-9275-3
Chan, S. C., Huang, X., Snape, E., & Lam, C. K. (2012). The janus face of paternalistic leaders: Authoritarianism, benevolence, subordinates' organization-based self-esteem, and performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(1), 108–128. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1797
Cheng, B.-S., Chou, L.-F., Wu, T.-Y., Huang, M.-P., & Farh, J.-L. (2004). Paternalistic leadership and subordinate responses: Establishing a leadership model in Chinese organizations. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 7(1), 89–117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839x.2004.00137.x
Chin, W. W., & Dibbern, J. (2010). An Introduction to a Permutation Based Procedure for Multi-Group PLS Analysis: Results of Tests of Differences on Simulated Data and a Cross Cultural Analysis of the Sourcing of Information System Services between Germany and the USA. In Handbook of Partial Least Squares (pp. 171-193). Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_8
Colquitt, J., Colquitt, J. A., Lepine, J. A., & Wesson, M. J. (2011). Organisational behaviour: Improving performance and commitment in the Workplace. Mcgraw hill higher education.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). London: Sage Publications, Inc.
Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1986). Organizational Information Requirements, media richness and structural design. Management Science, 32(5), 554–571. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.32.5.554
Derks, D., Bos, A. E., & von Grumbkow, J. (2008). Emoticons in computer-mediated communication: Social motives and social context. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11(1), 99–101. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2007.9926
de Vries, R., Bakker-Pieper, A., & Oostenveld, W. (2010). Leadership = Communication? The Relations of Leaders’ Communication Styles with Leadership Styles, Knowledge Sharing and Leadership Outcomes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(3), 367-380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-009-9140-2
Dirks, K. T., & Ferrin, D. L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 611–628. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.611
Ferry, D. L., Kydd, C. T., & Sawyer, J. E. (2001) Measuring Facts of Media Richness. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 41(4), 69–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2001.11647026
Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.09.001
Fulk, J., Steinfield, C. W., Schmitz, J., & Power, J. G. (1987). A social information processing model of media use in organisations. Communication Research, 14(5), 529–552. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365087014005005
Gabrielova, K., & Buchko, A. A. (2021). Here comes generation Z: Millennials as managers. Business Horizons, 64(4), 489–499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.02.013
George, G., & Sleeth, R. G. (2000). Leadership in Computer-Mediated Communication: Implications and Research Directions. Journal of Business and Psychology, 15(2), 287–310. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007872002139
Ghosh, K. (2015). Benevolent leadership in not-for-profit organizations: Welfare orientation measures, ethical climate and organizational citizenship behaviour", Leadership & Organization Development Journal, Vol. 36 No. 5, pp. 592-611. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-12-2013-0164
Greenleaf, R. K., & Spears, L. C. (2002). Servant leadership: A journey into the nature of legitimate power and Greatness. New Jersey: Paulist Press.
Golden, T. D., Veiga, J. F., & Dino, R. N. (2008). The impact of professional isolation on teleworker job performance and turnover intentions: Does time spent teleworking, interacting face-to-face, or having access to communication-enhancing technology matter? Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1412–1421. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012722
Grego-Planer, D. (2022). The relationship between benevolent leadership and affective commitment from an employee perspective. PLOS ONE, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264142
Guinibert, M. (2021) Defining digital media as a professional practice in New Zealand, Kōtuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online, 17(2) 185-205. https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2021.1960571
Hall, S. (1980). Encoding/Decoding. In: Durham, G.M and Kellner. M. D. Media and Cultural Studies: KeyWorks. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. pp.163-174.
Harris, A., Leithwood, K., Day, C., Sammons, P., & Hopkins, D. (2007). Distributed leadership and organizational change: Reviewing the evidence. Journal of Educational Change, 8(4), 337–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-007-9048-4
Heisler, J. & Crabill, S. (2006). Who are “Stinkybug” and “packerfan4”? email pseudonyms and participants’ perceptions of demography, productivity, and personality. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Vol. 12 (1). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00317.x
Hofstede, G. (1980) Culture’s Consequence: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Beverly Hills: Sage.
House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Homans, G. (1961). Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. New York: Harcourt Brace & World
Irawanto, D. W., Ramsey, P. L., & Ryan, J. C. (2011). Tailoring leadership theory to Indonesian culture. Global Business Review, 12(3), 355–366. https://doi.org/10.1177/097215091101200301
Kanungo, R. N., & Mendonca, M. (1996). Ethical dimensions of leadership. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Kanwal, F., Rathore, K., & Qaisar, A. (2019). Relationship of Benevolent Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Interactional Effect of Perceived Organizational Support and Perceived Organizational Politics. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences. 13(2), 283-310. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/200993
Karakas, F., & Sarigollu, E. (2011). Benevolent leadership: Conceptualization and construct development. Journal of Business Ethics, 108(4), 537–553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1109-1
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. 4th(Ed). New York: The Guilford Press.
Li, G., Lin, W., & Chen, X. (2016). Benevolent leadership and Team Performance: The moderating role of Team Commitment. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2016(1), 10755. https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.10755abstract
Madlock, P. E. (2008). The link between leadership style, Communicator Competence, and employee satisfaction. Journal of Business Communication, 45(1), 61–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021943607309351
Meyer, J., Stanley, D., Herscovitch, L. & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-analysis of Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 61. 20-52. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1842
Miller, K. & Barbour, J. (2012) Organizational Communication: Approaches and Processes. 7th(Ed). USA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning
Murthy, U. S., & Kerr, D. S. (2003). Decision making performance of interacting groups: An experimental investigation of the effects of task type and Communication Mode. Information & Management, 40(5), 351–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7206(02)00017-4
Nguyen, P. D., Khoi, N. H., Le, A. N., & Ho, H. X. (2022). Benevolent leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors in a higher education context: A moderated mediation model. Personnel Review. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-04-2021-0234
Organ, D. W. 1988. Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington: Lexington Books.
Phillips, D. C., & Burbules, N. C. (2000). Postpositivism and educational research. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publisher, Inc.
Pusat Data Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia. (2021). Proporsi Populasi Generasi Z dan Milenial Terbesar di Indonesia: Databoks, May 24, Retrieved from https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2021/05/24/proporsi-populasi-generasi-z-dan-milenial-terbesar-di-indonesia Accessed on June 4th
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–563. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600307
Rayburn, D. (2007). Streaming and Digital Media Understanding the Business and Technology. Oxford: Focal Press.
Racolta-Paina, N. D., & Madularu, A. E., (2022). Perspectives on workforce age diversity in nowdayas teams. Studia UBB Negotia, 67(4), pp. 23-44. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbnegotia.2022.4.02
Rost, J. C. (1993). Leadership for the twenty-First Century. Praeger Publisher.
Sarkar, A., Garg, N., & Palo, S. (2022). Workplace spirituality and Psychological Capital (psycap) of the employees: A cross-sectional study. Global Business Review, 097215092211114. https://doi.org/10.1177/09721509221111445
Sekaran, U. (2003). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach (4th Ed.). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scholz, C. (2019). The generations Z in Europe – an introduction. Generations Z in Europe, 3–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-491-120191001
Schroth, H. (2019). Are you ready for Gen Z in the workplace? California Management Review, 61(3), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008125619841006
Short, J., Williams, E., & Christie, B. (1976). The social psychology of telecommunications. London: Wiley.
Snyder, M. & Swann, W. (1978). Behavioral Confirmation in Social Interaction: From Social Perception to Social Reality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 14. 148-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(78)90021-5
Suryani, A. O., Van de Vijver, F. J., Poortinga, Y. H., & Setiadi, B. N. (2012). Indonesian leadership styles: A mixed-methods approach. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 15(4), 290–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839x.2012.01384.x
Straus, S. G., & Olivera, F. (2000). Knowledge acquisition in virtual teams. Research on Managing Groups and Teams, 257–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1534-0856(00)03013-9
Tang, C., & Naumann, S. (2015). Paternalistic leadership, subordinate perceived leader–member exchange and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Management & Organization, 21(3), 291-306. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2014.84
Thang, N. N, Dung, M. V., Rowley, C., & Bach, M. P. (2022). Generation Z job seekers’ expectations and their job pursuit intention: Evidence from transition and emerging economy. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 14, 184797902211125. https://doi.org/10.1177/18479790221112548
Tuffour, J. K., Gali, A. M., & Tuffour, M. K. (2019). Managerial leadership style and employee commitment: Evidence from the financial sector. Global Business Review, 23(3), 543–560. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150919874170
Turner, J. W., & Foss, S. K. (2018). Options for the construction of attentional social presence in a digitally enhanced multicommunicative environment. Communication Theory, 28(1), 22–45. https://doi.org/10.1093/ct/qty002
Twenge, J. M. (2017). Igen: Why Today's super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happy - and completely unprepared for adulthood. New York: Atria.
Van Zoonen, W., Sivunen, A., Rice, R. E., & Treem, J. W. (2021). Organizational Information and Communication Technologies and their influence on communication visibility and perceived proximity. International Journal of Business Communication, 0(0), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/23294884211050068
Wilson, J. (2022). Dyadic relationship quality (DRQ) – describing the development of Leader-Follower Relationship Quality: A qualitative, Longitudinal Study. Business, Management and Economics. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108458
Yukl, G. A. (2013). Leadership in organizations (8th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.
Yulk, G. A. & Lepsinger, R. (2005). Why integrating the leading and managing roles is essential for organizational effectiveness. Organizational Dynamics, 34(4), 361–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2005.08.004
Lavelle, J.J., Rupp, D.E., & Brockner, J. (2007). Taking a Multifoci Approach to the Study of Justice, Social Exchange, and Citizenship Behavior: The Target Similarity Model†. Journal of Management, 33, 841 - 866.
Aldunate, N., & González-Ibáñez, R. (2017). An integrated review of Emoticons in computer-mediated communication. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02061
Anderson, T., Rourke, L., Garrison, R., & Archer, W. (2019). Assessing teaching presence in a computer conferencing context. Online Learning, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v5i2.1875
Barrero, J. M., N. Bloom, and S. J. Davis 2021. Why Working from Home Will Stick. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series. Retrieved from: https://www.nber.org/papers/w28731 Accessed on May 9
Blau, P. (1986). Exchange and Power in Social Life (2nd ed.). New York: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203792643
Brinkley, I., Willmott, B., Beatson, M., & Davies, G. (2020). Embedding new ways of working post-pandemic: Reports. CIPD. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.cipd.co.uk/knowledge/work/trends/working-post-pandemic#gref Accessed on May 10
Bresman, H., & Rao, V. (2018) Building Leaders for the Next Decade: How to Support the Workplace Goals of Generation X, Y and Z. Universum, INSEAD Emerging Markets Institute, MIT Leadership Center, & The HEAD Foundation. Retrieved from https://www.insead.edu/sites/default/files/assets/dept/centres/emi/docs/generations-series-building-leaders-for-the-next-decade.pdf Accessed on January 18.
Brown, O., Paz-Aparicio, C., Revilla, A. J., (2019). Leader’s communication style, LMX and organizational commitment: A study of employee perceptions in Peru. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 40(2), 230-258. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2018-0129
Chan, S. C., & Mak, W. M. (2011). Benevolent leadership and follower performance: The mediating role of leader–member exchange (LMX). Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29(2), 285–301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-011-9275-3
Chan, S. C., Huang, X., Snape, E., & Lam, C. K. (2012). The janus face of paternalistic leaders: Authoritarianism, benevolence, subordinates' organization-based self-esteem, and performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 34(1), 108–128. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1797
Cheng, B.-S., Chou, L.-F., Wu, T.-Y., Huang, M.-P., & Farh, J.-L. (2004). Paternalistic leadership and subordinate responses: Establishing a leadership model in Chinese organizations. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 7(1), 89–117. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839x.2004.00137.x
Chin, W. W., & Dibbern, J. (2010). An Introduction to a Permutation Based Procedure for Multi-Group PLS Analysis: Results of Tests of Differences on Simulated Data and a Cross Cultural Analysis of the Sourcing of Information System Services between Germany and the USA. In Handbook of Partial Least Squares (pp. 171-193). Berlin: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32827-8_8
Colquitt, J., Colquitt, J. A., Lepine, J. A., & Wesson, M. J. (2011). Organisational behaviour: Improving performance and commitment in the Workplace. Mcgraw hill higher education.
Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). London: Sage Publications, Inc.
Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1986). Organizational Information Requirements, media richness and structural design. Management Science, 32(5), 554–571. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.32.5.554
Derks, D., Bos, A. E., & von Grumbkow, J. (2008). Emoticons in computer-mediated communication: Social motives and social context. CyberPsychology & Behavior, 11(1), 99–101. https://doi.org/10.1089/cpb.2007.9926
de Vries, R., Bakker-Pieper, A., & Oostenveld, W. (2010). Leadership = Communication? The Relations of Leaders’ Communication Styles with Leadership Styles, Knowledge Sharing and Leadership Outcomes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 25(3), 367-380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-009-9140-2
Dirks, K. T., & Ferrin, D. L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 611–628. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.611
Ferry, D. L., Kydd, C. T., & Sawyer, J. E. (2001) Measuring Facts of Media Richness. Journal of Computer Information Systems, 41(4), 69–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/08874417.2001.11647026
Fry, L. W. (2003). Toward a theory of spiritual leadership. The Leadership Quarterly, 14(6), 693–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.09.001
Fulk, J., Steinfield, C. W., Schmitz, J., & Power, J. G. (1987). A social information processing model of media use in organisations. Communication Research, 14(5), 529–552. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365087014005005
Gabrielova, K., & Buchko, A. A. (2021). Here comes generation Z: Millennials as managers. Business Horizons, 64(4), 489–499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2021.02.013
George, G., & Sleeth, R. G. (2000). Leadership in Computer-Mediated Communication: Implications and Research Directions. Journal of Business and Psychology, 15(2), 287–310. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1007872002139
Ghosh, K. (2015). Benevolent leadership in not-for-profit organizations: Welfare orientation measures, ethical climate and organizational citizenship behaviour", Leadership & Organization Development Journal, Vol. 36 No. 5, pp. 592-611. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-12-2013-0164
Greenleaf, R. K., & Spears, L. C. (2002). Servant leadership: A journey into the nature of legitimate power and Greatness. New Jersey: Paulist Press.
Golden, T. D., Veiga, J. F., & Dino, R. N. (2008). The impact of professional isolation on teleworker job performance and turnover intentions: Does time spent teleworking, interacting face-to-face, or having access to communication-enhancing technology matter? Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1412–1421. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0012722
Grego-Planer, D. (2022). The relationship between benevolent leadership and affective commitment from an employee perspective. PLOS ONE, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264142
Guinibert, M. (2021) Defining digital media as a professional practice in New Zealand, Kōtuitui: New Zealand Journal of Social Sciences Online, 17(2) 185-205. https://doi.org/10.1080/1177083X.2021.1960571
Hall, S. (1980). Encoding/Decoding. In: Durham, G.M and Kellner. M. D. Media and Cultural Studies: KeyWorks. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. pp.163-174.
Harris, A., Leithwood, K., Day, C., Sammons, P., & Hopkins, D. (2007). Distributed leadership and organizational change: Reviewing the evidence. Journal of Educational Change, 8(4), 337–347. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-007-9048-4
Heisler, J. & Crabill, S. (2006). Who are “Stinkybug” and “packerfan4”? email pseudonyms and participants’ perceptions of demography, productivity, and personality. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, Vol. 12 (1). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00317.x
Hofstede, G. (1980) Culture’s Consequence: International Differences in Work-Related Values. Beverly Hills: Sage.
House, R. J., Hanges, P. J., Javidan, M., Dorfman, P. W., & Gupta, V. (2004). Culture, Leadership, and Organizations: The GLOBE Study of 62 Societies. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Homans, G. (1961). Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. New York: Harcourt Brace & World
Irawanto, D. W., Ramsey, P. L., & Ryan, J. C. (2011). Tailoring leadership theory to Indonesian culture. Global Business Review, 12(3), 355–366. https://doi.org/10.1177/097215091101200301
Kanungo, R. N., & Mendonca, M. (1996). Ethical dimensions of leadership. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Kanwal, F., Rathore, K., & Qaisar, A. (2019). Relationship of Benevolent Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Interactional Effect of Perceived Organizational Support and Perceived Organizational Politics. Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences. 13(2), 283-310. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/200993
Karakas, F., & Sarigollu, E. (2011). Benevolent leadership: Conceptualization and construct development. Journal of Business Ethics, 108(4), 537–553. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-011-1109-1
Kline, R. B. (2016). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. 4th(Ed). New York: The Guilford Press.
Li, G., Lin, W., & Chen, X. (2016). Benevolent leadership and Team Performance: The moderating role of Team Commitment. Academy of Management Proceedings, 2016(1), 10755. https://doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2016.10755abstract
Madlock, P. E. (2008). The link between leadership style, Communicator Competence, and employee satisfaction. Journal of Business Communication, 45(1), 61–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021943607309351
Meyer, J., Stanley, D., Herscovitch, L. & Topolnytsky, L. (2002). Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment to the Organization: A Meta-analysis of Antecedents, Correlates, and Consequences. Journal of Vocational Behavior. 61. 20-52. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1842
Miller, K. & Barbour, J. (2012) Organizational Communication: Approaches and Processes. 7th(Ed). USA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning
Murthy, U. S., & Kerr, D. S. (2003). Decision making performance of interacting groups: An experimental investigation of the effects of task type and Communication Mode. Information & Management, 40(5), 351–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0378-7206(02)00017-4
Nguyen, P. D., Khoi, N. H., Le, A. N., & Ho, H. X. (2022). Benevolent leadership and organizational citizenship behaviors in a higher education context: A moderated mediation model. Personnel Review. https://doi.org/10.1108/pr-04-2021-0234
Organ, D. W. 1988. Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington: Lexington Books.
Phillips, D. C., & Burbules, N. C. (2000). Postpositivism and educational research. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publisher, Inc.
Pusat Data Ekonomi dan Bisnis Indonesia. (2021). Proporsi Populasi Generasi Z dan Milenial Terbesar di Indonesia: Databoks, May 24, Retrieved from https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2021/05/24/proporsi-populasi-generasi-z-dan-milenial-terbesar-di-indonesia Accessed on June 4th
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Paine, J. B., & Bachrach, D. G. (2000). Organizational citizenship behaviors: A critical review of the theoretical and empirical literature and suggestions for future research. Journal of Management, 26(3), 513–563. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630002600307
Rayburn, D. (2007). Streaming and Digital Media Understanding the Business and Technology. Oxford: Focal Press.
Racolta-Paina, N. D., & Madularu, A. E., (2022). Perspectives on workforce age diversity in nowdayas teams. Studia UBB Negotia, 67(4), pp. 23-44. https://doi.org/10.24193/subbnegotia.2022.4.02
Rost, J. C. (1993). Leadership for the twenty-First Century. Praeger Publisher.
Sarkar, A., Garg, N., & Palo, S. (2022). Workplace spirituality and Psychological Capital (psycap) of the employees: A cross-sectional study. Global Business Review, 097215092211114. https://doi.org/10.1177/09721509221111445
Sekaran, U. (2003). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach (4th Ed.). Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Scholz, C. (2019). The generations Z in Europe – an introduction. Generations Z in Europe, 3–31. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-491-120191001
Schroth, H. (2019). Are you ready for Gen Z in the workplace? California Management Review, 61(3), 5–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/0008125619841006
Short, J., Williams, E., & Christie, B. (1976). The social psychology of telecommunications. London: Wiley.
Snyder, M. & Swann, W. (1978). Behavioral Confirmation in Social Interaction: From Social Perception to Social Reality. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 14. 148-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(78)90021-5
Suryani, A. O., Van de Vijver, F. J., Poortinga, Y. H., & Setiadi, B. N. (2012). Indonesian leadership styles: A mixed-methods approach. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 15(4), 290–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-839x.2012.01384.x
Straus, S. G., & Olivera, F. (2000). Knowledge acquisition in virtual teams. Research on Managing Groups and Teams, 257–282. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1534-0856(00)03013-9
Tang, C., & Naumann, S. (2015). Paternalistic leadership, subordinate perceived leader–member exchange and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Management & Organization, 21(3), 291-306. https://doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2014.84
Thang, N. N, Dung, M. V., Rowley, C., & Bach, M. P. (2022). Generation Z job seekers’ expectations and their job pursuit intention: Evidence from transition and emerging economy. International Journal of Engineering Business Management, 14, 184797902211125. https://doi.org/10.1177/18479790221112548
Tuffour, J. K., Gali, A. M., & Tuffour, M. K. (2019). Managerial leadership style and employee commitment: Evidence from the financial sector. Global Business Review, 23(3), 543–560. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150919874170
Turner, J. W., & Foss, S. K. (2018). Options for the construction of attentional social presence in a digitally enhanced multicommunicative environment. Communication Theory, 28(1), 22–45. https://doi.org/10.1093/ct/qty002
Twenge, J. M. (2017). Igen: Why Today's super-connected kids are growing up less rebellious, more tolerant, less happy - and completely unprepared for adulthood. New York: Atria.
Van Zoonen, W., Sivunen, A., Rice, R. E., & Treem, J. W. (2021). Organizational Information and Communication Technologies and their influence on communication visibility and perceived proximity. International Journal of Business Communication, 0(0), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1177/23294884211050068
Wilson, J. (2022). Dyadic relationship quality (DRQ) – describing the development of Leader-Follower Relationship Quality: A qualitative, Longitudinal Study. Business, Management and Economics. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108458
Yukl, G. A. (2013). Leadership in organizations (8th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education Inc.
Yulk, G. A. & Lepsinger, R. (2005). Why integrating the leading and managing roles is essential for organizational effectiveness. Organizational Dynamics, 34(4), 361–375. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2005.08.004
Lavelle, J.J., Rupp, D.E., & Brockner, J. (2007). Taking a Multifoci Approach to the Study of Justice, Social Exchange, and Citizenship Behavior: The Target Similarity Model†. Journal of Management, 33, 841 - 866.
Published
2024-07-29
How to Cite
Syafruddin, A. J. (2024). Understanding Generation Z at Workplace: The Moderating Role of Mediated Communication between Benevolent Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors. Ultimacomm: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 15(2), 199-218. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31937/ultimacomm.v15i2.3528
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Ultimacomm Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi allows readers to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to its articles' full texts and allows readers to use them for any other lawful purpose. The journal allows the author(s) to hold the copyright without restrictions. Finally, the journal allows the author(s) to retain publishing rights without restrictions
1. Authors are allowed to archive their submitted article in an open access repository
2. Authors are allowed to archive the final published article in an open access repository with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal
