Remote Work, Motivation, and Organizational Communication: Post-Pandemic Lived Experiences in Indonesia

Authors

  • Aditya Bayu Nugroho Universitas Padjadjaran

Keywords:

employee motivation, hybrid work, organizational communication, post-pandemic workplace, self-determination theory

Abstract

Using Indonesia as a case study, this research examines how remote and hybrid work arrangements have impacted employee motivation and organizational communication during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. It presents the lived experiences of workers applying the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), which emphasizes autonomy, competence, and relatedness, and features in-depth interviews with ten professionals across various industries. Thematic analysis identified three prominent themes: flexibility and control of the environment (autonomy), connectedness and inclusion (relatedness), and conditional performance and digital adaptation (competence). Although remote working has led to greater autonomy and work-life integration, it has also caused issues of emotional detachment and ineffective communication, particularly in roles that require high levels of interaction and collaboration. Those findings suggest that workplace designs that meet the basic psychological needs of employees can maintain a high level of motivation and performance. This study is particularly relevant and will help to understand the overall post-pandemic organizational change better, providing practical insights for companies that want to adopt effective hybrid work policies by basing the analysis in the context of Indonesia.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abiddin, N. Z., Ibrahim, I., & Abdul Aziz, S. A. (2022). A literature review of work from home phenomenon during COVID-19 toward employees’ performance and quality of life in Malaysia and Indonesia. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 819860.

Alfes, K., Argyro, A., T. Alexandra, B., Almudena, C., & and Muratbekova-Touron, M. (2022). New ways of working and the implications for employees: a systematic framework and suggestions for future research. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(22), 4361–4385. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2022.2149151

Beauregard, T. A., Basile, K. A., & Canonico, E. (2019). Telework: Outcomes and Facilitators for Employees. In R. N. Landers (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of Technology and Employee Behavior (pp. 511–543). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1017/9781108649636.020

Berces, G. M. (2023). Moderating Effects of Age on Employer Brand Dimensions in Increasing Job Satisfaction. Ultimacomm: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 15(1), 127–139.

Boyraz, M., & Gilbert, R. (2024). Is the future of work hybrid? Examining motivations and expectations related to working from home in knowledge workers’ lived experiences. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 46(5), 1086–1111. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-09-2023-0478

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2022). Conceptual and design thinking for thematic analysis. Qualitative Psychology, 9(1), 3.

Brown, J., & Tousey, C. (2023). The Shifting Expectations for Work from Home. The Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City Economic Review. https://doi.org/10.18651/ER/v108n2BrownTousey

Brunelle, E., & Fortin, J.-A. (2021). Distance Makes the Heart Grow Fonder: An Examination of Teleworkers’ and Office Workers’ Job Satisfaction Through the Lens of Self-Determination Theory. SAGE Open, 11(1), 2158244020985516. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020985516

Carillo, K., Gaëlle, C.-R., Josianne, M., Tania, S., & and Klarsfeld, A. (2021). Adjusting to epidemic-induced telework: empirical insights from teleworkers in France. European Journal of Information Systems, 30(1), 69–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085X.2020.1829512

Choudhury, P. (Raj), Foroughi, C., & Larson, B. (2021). Work-from-anywhere: The productivity effects of geographic flexibility. Strategic Management Journal, 42(4), 655–683. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.3251

Contreras, F., Baykal, E., & Abid, G. (2020). E-leadership and teleworking in times of COVID-19 and beyond: What we know and where do we go. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 590271.

Curado, C., Henriques, P. L., Jerónimo, H. M., & Azevedo, J. (2022). The Contribution of Communication to Employee Satisfaction in Service Firms: A Causal Configurational Analysis. Vision, 0(0), 09722629221101157. https://doi.org/10.1177/09722629221101157

Elnanto, J. G., & Suharti, L. (2021). The Impact of Work from Home to Work Life-Balance and Its Implication to Employee Happiness. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 5(3), 311–318. https://doi.org/10.23887/ijssb.v5i3.35325

Fadhila, A. A., & Wicaksana, L. (2020). Sistematik review: Fleksibel Working Arrangement (FWA) sebagai paradigma baru ASN di tengah pandemi COVID-19. Spirit Publik: Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 15(2), 111–130.

Fischer, C., Malycha, C. P., & Schafmann, E. (2019). The Influence of Intrinsic Motivation and Synergistic Extrinsic Motivators on Creativity and Innovation. Frontiers in Psychology, Volume 10-2019. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00137

Gibbs, J. L., Cristina B., G., Svetlana V., G., & and Dunlop, P. D. (2021). Understanding orientations to participation: overcoming status differences to foster engagement in global teams. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 30(5), 653–671. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2020.1844796

Handke, L., Klonek, F. E., Parker, S. K., & Kauffeld, S. (2020). Interactive Effects of Team Virtuality and Work Design on Team Functioning. Small Group Research, 51(1), 3–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496419863490

Ipsen, C., Veldhoven, M., Kirchner, K., & Hansen, J. (2021). Six Key Advantages and Disadvantages of Working from Home in Europe during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 1826. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041826

Irawanto, D. W., Novianti, K. R. , & Roz, K. (2021). Work from home: Measuring satisfaction between work–life balance and work stress during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. Economies, 9(3), 96.

Jaiswal, A., Sengupta, S., Panda, M., Hati, L., Prikshat, V., Patel, P., & Mohyuddin, S. (2024). Teleworking: role of psychological well-being and technostress in the relationship between trust in management and employee performance. International Journal of Manpower, 45(1), 49–71. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-04-2022-0149

Kang, M., & Sung, M. (2017). How symmetrical employee communication leads to employee engagement and positive employee communication behaviors. Journal of Communication Management, 21(1), 82–102. https://doi.org/10.1108/JCOM-04-2016-0026

Marlow, S. L., Lacerenza, C. N., & Salas, E. (2017). Communication in virtual teams: a conceptual framework and research agenda. Human Resource Management Review, 27(4), 575–589. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2016.12.005

Messenger, J. (2019). Introduction: Telework in the 21st century – an evolutionary perspective (pp. 1–34). https://doi.org/10.4337/9781789903751.00005

Mousa, M., & Samara, G. (2022). Mental health of business academics within the COVID-19 era: can meaningful work help? A qualitative study. Employee Relations: The International Journal, 44(4), 764–784. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-04-2021-0170

Mulyana, Deddy. (2024). Teori-Teori Komunikasi: Aplikasi Praktis. Simbiosa Rekatama Media.

Nina Chala, Oksana Poplavska, Nataliia Danylevych, Olena Ievseitseva, & Roman Sova. (2022). Intrinsic motivation of millennials and generation Z in the new post-pandemic reality. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 20(2), 536–550.

Pabilonia, S. W., & Vernon, V. (2020). Telework and time use in the United States. JSTOR.

Parlindungan, D. R. (2022). Fungsi Komunikasi Organisasi Dalam Penerapan Wfh Pada Karyawan Swasta Selama Pandemi Covid-19. WACANA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi, 21(1), 50–64.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2020). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, 101860. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101860

Safri, S., Salleh, M., & Salleh, M. (2024). A Study on Remote Working of Employee Motivation and Productivity. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 14. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v14-i8/21645

Sokolić, D. (2022). Remote work and hybrid work organizations. Economic and Social Development, 202–213.

Spreitzer, G. M., Cameron, L., & Garrett, L. (2017). Alternative Work Arrangements: Two Images of the New World of Work. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 4(Volume 4, 2017), 473–499. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032516-113332

Susena, A., Rumaningsih, M., & Darmaningrum, K. (2023). The Relationship Between Work from Home, Work Life Balance, And Role Conflict During the Covid-19 Pandemic and Its Effect on Job Satisfaction.

Toivonen, S., Blind, I., & Kyrö, R. (2025). Perceived productivity when working from home: Insights into the global experience. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 33(12), 56–74. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-10-2024-4945

Toscano, F., & Zappalà, S. (2020). Social Isolation and Stress as Predictors of Productivity Perception and Remote Work Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Concern about the Virus in a Moderated Double Mediation. Sustainability, 12(23). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12239804

Tudu, B., & Singh, S. (2023). Conceptualizing the moderating effects between work from home and individual performance – Developing a conceptual framework using the self-determination theory. Current Psychology, 42(33), 29149–29160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03950-x

Van Zoonen, W., & and Sivunen, A. E. (2022). The impact of remote work and mediated communication frequency on isolation and psychological distress. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(4), 610–621. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.2002299

Waizenegger, L., Brad, M., Wenjie, C., & and Bendz, T. (2020). An affordance perspective of team collaboration and enforced working from home during COVID-19. European Journal of Information Systems, 29(4), 429–442. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085X.2020.1800417

Wang, B., Liu, Y., Qian, J., & Parker, S. K. (2021). Achieving Effective Remote Working During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Work Design Perspective. Applied Psychology, 70(1), 16–59. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12290

Downloads

Published

2026-03-27

How to Cite

Aditya Bayu Nugroho. (2026). Remote Work, Motivation, and Organizational Communication: Post-Pandemic Lived Experiences in Indonesia. Ultimacomm: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 17(1), 120–143. Retrieved from https://ejournals.umn.ac.id/index.php/FIKOM/article/view/4302