Sentiment Analysis of Public Opinion in Indonesia on China's Belt Road Initiative

Authors

  • Anang Masduki Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
  • Panqiang Niu Shanghai University
  • Muhammad Hamka Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
  • Zalik Nuryana Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31937/ultimacomm.v18i1.4773

Keywords:

Sentiment analysis, Twitter, Belt Road Initiative, Indonesia, Public opinion

Abstract

This research wants to answer the growing public opinion in Indonesia about the Belt Road Initiative project. The data source used is social media twitter with content analysis as a research method. Twitter data from January 2016 to September 2021 is limited to the Indonesian language and Indonesian territory. From the results of data mining using Python with search keywords: "Chinese foreign workers," "China OBOR project," "China investment," "China infrastructure," and "China debt," there are 37,149 tweets. Sentiment analysis shows the number of positive tweets is 8.119 or 21.86%, Neutral 4.766 or 12.83%, and negative 24,264 tweets or 65.32%. The research analysis results show that public communication and support groups are inferior. It can be seen from the narration and the issues that are built that are not focused so that it appears that there is no coordination. Second, strengthening opposition groups that unite and support each other raises an issue to master the narrative on social media. Third, Indonesia adheres to a democratic system, so it is necessary to abandon the ways of threatening, intimidating, and repressing people who criticize the BRI project. 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abbasi, N. A., Hunag, D., & Rao, F. (2021). The Belt and Road Initiative: Analysis of Twitter Communication During Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation. Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 9(2), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.52015/jrss.9i2.113

Abdi, A. P. (2021). Survei SMRC: 84 Persen Warga Tak Percaya Isu Kebangkitan PKI. Tirto.Id. https://tirto.id/survei-smrc-84-persen-warga-tak-percaya-isu-kebangkitan-pki-gj3t

Ahmed, Z. S., Rojratanakiat, S., & Taekasem, S. (2019). The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor in Social Media: A Critical Discourse Analysis. In CPD Perspectives. Figueroa Press. https://www.uscpublicdiplomacy.org/sites/uscpublicdiplomacy.org/files/CPEC_Twitter_Discourse_Analysis_China_Pakistan_Ahmed_Rojratanakiat_Taekasem.pdf

Akbar, C. (2021). Riset AidData: Indonesia Punya Utang Tersembunyi kepada Cina Rp 247 T. Tempo.Com. https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1514246/riset-aiddata-indonesia-punya-utang-tersembunyi-kepada-cina-rp-247-t

Akçay, N., & Qingye, T. (2020). Turkey’s Perceptions of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (2013–2017): Media and Think-Tanks Discourse Analysis. China Report, 56(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/0009445520916877

Cahyani, D. R. (2021). 5 Negara Pemberi Utang Terbanyak ke Amerika Serikat, Siapa Saja? Tempo.Com. https://dunia.tempo.co/read/1512149/5-negara-pemberi-utang-terbanyak-ke-amerika-serikat-siapa-saja

Chandra, J. K., Cambria, E., & Nanetti, A. (2020). One Belt, One Road, One Sentiment? A Hybrid Approach to Gauging Public Opinions on the New Silk Road Initiative. IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops, ICDMW, 2020-Novem, 7–14. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDMW51313.2020.00011

cnnindonesia.com. (2021). Survei: 46,6 Persen Warga Percaya PKI Bangkit di RI. Cnnindonesia.Com. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20210930120301-20-701458/survei-466-persen-warga-percaya-pki-bangkit-di-ri

Damuri, Y. R., Perkasa, V., Atje, R., & Hirawan, F. (2019). Perceptions and Readiness of Indonesia Towards the Belt and Road Initiative: Understanding Local Perspectives, Capacity, and Governance. In Centre for Strategic International Studies. https://www.csis.or.id/uploads/attachments/post/2019/05/23/CSIS_BRI_Indonesia_r.pdf

Dharma, F. A. (2018). Konstruksi Realitas Sosial:Pemikiran Peter L. Berger Tentang Kenyataan Sosial. Kanal: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 7(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.21070/kanal.v6i2.101

Fadillah, Dani; Lin, L. Z. and D. H. (2019). Social Media and General Elections in Malaysia 2018 and Indonesia 2019. Jurnal Komunkasi ISKI, 04(01), 1–8.

Fitriani, E. (2018). China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI): an Indonesian Perspective. In China: BRI o el nuevo camino de la seda.

Hu, L. (2019). External Communication Research of the Belt and Road Initiative - Comparative Analysis of The Relevant Reports on The Belt and Road Initiative in China Daily, CNN and CNBC. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 351(Mmetss), 615–623.

Huadong, Guo,; Zeeshan Shirazi,; Liang Dong, Li. J. (2018). DBAR – An International Science Program for the Digital Belt and Road. Prespectives, 32(3), 173–182.

Liang, F. (2019). The New Silk Road on Facebook: How China’s Official Media Cover and Frame a National Initiative for Global Audiences. Communication and the Public, 4(4), 261–275. https://doi.org/10.1177/2057047319894654

Lim, M. (2005). Archipelago online: The Internet and political activism in Indonesia [University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands]. In Twente University. http://search.proquest.com/docview/305392998?accountid=13771

Lim, M. (2011). @ Crossroads: Democratization & Corporatization of Media in Indonesia. http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&btnG=Search&q=intitle:@Crossroads:+Democratization+&+Corporatization+of+Media+in+Indonesia#0

Lim, M. (2013). Many Clicks but Little Sticks: Social Media Activism in Indonesia. Journal of Contemporary Asia, 43(4), 636–657. https://doi.org/10.1080/00472336.2013.769386

Muqsith, M. A., Muzykant, V. L., & Kuzmenkova, K. E. (2019). Cyberprotest: new media and the new social movement in Indonesia. RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism, 24(4), 765–775. https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2019-24-4-765-775

Nie, Y. (2019). Microblogging and Media Policy in China: Xinhua’s Strategic Communication on the Belt and Road Initiative. Leiden University.

Nip, J. Y. M., & Sun, C. (2018). China’s news media tweeting, competing with US sources. Westminster Papers in Communication and Culture, 13(1), 98. https://doi.org/10.16997/wpcc.292

Nugroho, Y., Putri, D. A., & Laksmi, S. (2012). Mapping the Landscape of the Media Industry in Contemporary Indonesia. In Report series: Engaging Media, Empowering Society: Assessing media policy and governance in Indonesia through the lens of citizens’ rights (Issue March). https://cipg.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/MEDIA-2-Media-Industry-2012.pdf

Rahmaningtyas, F. K. and G. Y. (2017). Inset lexicon: Evaluation of a word list for Indonesian sentiment analysis in microblogs. Proc. 2017 Int. Conf. Asian Lang. Process. https://doi.org/doi: 10.1109/IALP.2017.8300625.

Ritonga, R., & Syahputra, I. (2019). Citizen journalism and public participation in the Era of New Media in Indonesia: From street to tweet. Media and Communication, 7(3 Civic Organizations in an Age of Distrust), 79–90. https://doi.org/10.17645/mac.v7i3.2094

Tritto, A. (2021). China’s Belt and Road Initiative: from perceptions to realities in Indonesia’s coal power sector. Energy Strategy Reviews, 34(March), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2021.100624

Wulandari, D. A. P., Sudarma, M., & Paramaita, N. (2019). Pemanfaatan Big Data Media Sosial Dalam Menganalisa Kemenangan Pilkada. Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro, 18(1), 101. https://doi.org/10.24843/mite.2019.v18i01.p15

Yu, C., & Yan, J. (2020). Research on the Coverage of the Belt and Road Initiative and a Community with Shared Future for Mankind by Mainstream Media in the United States——Taking the three major mainstream media in the United States as an example. Journal of Contemporary Educational Research, 4(8), 72–78. https://doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v4i8.1452

ZAİN, A., ÖZSU, G., BİNARK, M., & GIDRETA, A. D. (2020). China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and Techinicians of Opinion in Pakistani Twittersphere: A Thematic Content Analysis. Asya Araştırmaları Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 4(1), 9–28. https://doi.org/10.34189/asyam.4.1.002

博马. (n.d.). “一带一路”与印尼“全球海上支 点”的战略对接研究 ∗. 2015, 33–50. https://doi.org/10.13851/j.cnki.gjzw.201506003

张鹏, 邹汶君, 兰月新, 夏一雪刘茉. (2019). “一带一路”舆情风险管控研究. Advances in Intelligent Systems Research, Volume 171 Fourth Symposium on Disaster Risk Analysis and Management in Chinese Littoral Regions (DRAMCLR 2019), 171(Dramclr), 164–169. https://doi.org/10.2991/dramclr-19.2019.33

玥潘. (2017). “一带一路”背景下印尼的中国劳工问题. 东南亚研究, 3(March), 123–137. https://doi.org/10.19561/j.cnki.sas.2017.03.123

赵常煜, & 吴亚平王继民. (2019). “一带一路”倡议下的 Twitter 文本主题挖掘和情感分析. 图书情报工作, 63(19). http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.1541.g2.20191111.1446.039.html

邹红霞,宋净飞. (2019). 印尼工程承包的风险分析. Port Engineering Technology, 56(5), 88–91. https://doi.org/10.16403/j.cnki.ggjs20190521

Downloads

Published

2026-07-10

How to Cite

Masduki, A., Niu, P., Hamka, M., & Nuryana, Z. (2026). Sentiment Analysis of Public Opinion in Indonesia on China’s Belt Road Initiative. Ultimacomm: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.31937/ultimacomm.v18i1.4773

Issue

Section

Articles